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Brief contents: introduction; Ten Principles of economics; Thinking like an economist; Interdependence and the Gains from Trade. How Markets Work; The Market forces of supply and Demand; Elasticity and its Application; Supply, Demand, and Government Policies. Markets and Welfare; Consumers, Producers, and the efficiency of Markets; Application: The costs of Taxation; Application: international. The economics of the Public sector; Externalities; Public Goods and common resources; The Design of the Tax system. Firm Behavior and the organization of industry;The costs of Production; Firms in competitive Markets; Monopoly; Monopolistic competition; Oligopoly. The economics of labor Markets; The Markets for the factors of Production; Earnings and Discrimination; Income inequality and Poverty. Topics for further study; The Theory of consumer choice; Frontiers of Microeconomics. The Data of Macroeconomics; Measuring a nation’s income; Measuring the cost of living.The real economy in the long run; Production and Growth; Saving, investment, and the financial system; The Basic Tools of finance; Unemployment. Money and Prices in the long run;The Monetary system; Money Growth and inflation. The Macroeconomics of open economies; Open-economy Macroeconomics: Basic concepts. A Macroeconomic Theory of the open economy. Short-run economic fluctuations; Aggregate Demand and Aggregate supply; The influence of Monetary and fiscal Policy on Aggregate Demand; The short-run Trade-off between inflation and Unemployment. Final Thoughts; Six Debates over Macroeconomic Policy.